Objective:To provide the evidence to optimize the management of hospital charges reasonably and to solve medical-treatment problems of rural residents through analyzing the characteristics and the influencing factors of inpatients’ hospitalization expenditure in township hospitals of Jiangsu province. Methods:Cluster sampling method was used to investigate objective data of inpatients of 4 township hospitals. Statistic descriptions of hospitalization expenditure,curve estimates of hospitalization period and expenditure,ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test of influencing factors were handled by SPSS 13.0 soft for windows. Results:Large parts of hospital charges were medicine fee. Admission day got straight linear correlation with hospitalization expenditure. Age and the treatment effect had significant influence on the hospitalization expenditure and gender or section had not. Conclusion:Improving medical quality of township hospitals,shortening hospitalization time,regulating medicine charge,and establishing a perfect medical insurance system should be engaged to reduce hospitalization expenditure.