Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the test score of medical physiology & biochemistry course and the level of Chinese minority Chinese level testing (MHK) of Xinjiang Uighur students,analyze the causes and improve the quality of teaching. Methods:602 Uighur students enrolled in the Xinjiang Medical University in 2011 were examined,and their average scores were compared. Results:There were no significant difference between students with MHK level three (31.6,n=10) and MHK level four (39.03,n=22),and there were significant difference among students with MHK level five (47.24,n=70),six(49.44,n=140),seven (52.88,n=246) and eight (52.77,n=114). Conclusion:It could be seen that the better level of MHK of Uighur students have the higher passing rate in the course. The level of Chinese language proficiency could predict the performance of ethnic minority students on learning basic medical science courses.