Objective: To understand the health related quality of life status of esophagus cancer patients and analyze the influence factors of it. Methods: We selected 209 patients with esophageal cancer as study objects to fill the general information questionnaires and EQ-5D Scale, then we used single-factor analysis and multiple-factor analysis to evaluate the influence factors of their quality of life. Results: The 5 dimensions of patients with esophagus cancer were action, self-care, daily activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression, and the proportion was 18.2%, 12.0%, 22.0%, 8.3%and 25.4%, respectively;VAS score was 75.20 ± 11.00, the comprehensive health index score (index score) was 0.84 ± 0.22; the main influence factors of VAS score were gender, yearly household income and educational degree; and the main influence factors of index score were age, therapy method, neoplasm staging and medical insurance type. Conclusion: Carrying out psychological intervention, early detection and treatment, and serious illness medical insurance can help to improve the health related quality of life of patients with esophagus cancer.