We selected and analyzed the completed cases of illegal medical practice in each court in Jiangsu in 2015 to find out the causes of crime and the effect of law enforcement and criminal trials to curb the illegal medical practice. The problem of the bottom of the public medical treatment should be solved to eradicate the living soil of illegal medical practice; illegal medical practice occurred frequently in economically underdeveloped areas and counties with more outsiders because the unavailable medical services; the punishment of administrative law enforcement should be strengthened to combat illegal medical practice and to change the status quo of depending on penalty measures; the work of criminal trial should be standardized to hold the last line of struggling with illegal medical practice.