Objective: To investigate patients’ cognition of the status and influencing factors of doctor-patient relationship in Jiangsu Province, to analyze factors that affect patients’ cognition and propose specific suggestions. Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was employed to investigate patients’ perspective in four comprehensive hospitals from Nanjing, middle, south and north of Jiangsu. The Pearson correlation and chi-square test were computed to assess the results. Results: A total of 79.2% of patients gave 70 points or above to doctor-patient relationship; 40.4% of the patients known very little about related problems on medical reform; Patients believed that the most important three factors on harmonious of the doctor-patient relationship were the high cost of medical treatment, market economy influence and medical service attitude. Conclusion: The doctor-patient relationship is not as nervous as the vision of social perception. To build a harmonious relationship between doctors and patients, we should build new official media communication platform and guide patient’s cognition.