To understand the current situation of health resources in Jiangsu Province, analyze the problems and influence factors of health resources allocation and utilization, explore the way of optimizing health resources allocation, and provide references for health managers to allocate health resources reasonably, the article analyzed the data including health institutions, beds, and human resources from 2011 to 2014 in Jiangsu Province collected from information system of Jiangsu health statistics. The results showed that private medical institutions had developed rapidly, high quality medical resources were mainly concentrated in the hospital and made hospital doctors work burden heavier, resources of primary health care institution were short and resource allocation efficiency was low. Social capital in medical should be encouraged, and the government should increase the financial input in the construction of primary medical institutions to improve resource utilization and service level. At the same time, structure and scale should be adjusted to allocate health resources reasonably.