Objective：This study aimed to investigate inpatient cerebrovascular disease care costs in Anhui. Methods：The study collected data through a household survey conducted during April to December，2014，using cluster-randomized sampling and a structured questionnaire administered by trained interviewers. Results：The survey covered 60 678 residents and 387 person-times of inpatient cerebrovascular disease care during the past year. Annual person-times and days of inpatient cerebrovascular disease care per thousand population added up to 6.38‰ and 88.34 days，respectively，and urban residents showed significantly greater admission rates and length of stay than that of rural ones. Total care expenditures accounted for 9.12% of all that of inpatient care for the whole population. Per-case direct cost on disease care was 3 890.95 RMB. Out-of-pocket payment due to disease care turned out to be catastrophic for 23.30%. Conclusion：There is a clear need for more effectively regulating cerebrovascular disease-related medical practices and service seeking behaviors.