In order to understand the blood donation will and obstacle factors of community residents， college students and street blood donors in Anhui Province. The sample population was selected by stratified random sampling and self?made questionnaire was conducted. The proportion of community residents， college students and street blood donors with no willingness to donate blood was 14.6%（76），21.9%（195） and 1.5%（9）， respectively（χ2=257.855， P<0.001）. Low awareness of knowledge and policy knowledge was one of the reasons why the three groups did not want to donate blood. The main reasons of the three groups of people who had no history of blood donation and were unwilling to donate blood were that they were afraid to affect their health， to be infected with diseases and to be afraid of pain. The main reasons why those who had donated blood do not want to donate blood again was that they were not well after donating blood， their physical condition was not suitable， and the previous blood donation experience was not pleasant. It is suggested that propaganda and education should be carried out， preferential policies should be carried out， blood donation motivation should be promoted， and blood donation environment should be improved so as to remove people’s concern about blood donation and make them join the blood donation team better.