This paper taking the causes of a series of “problem vaccine”in China as the research object， a method combining the bibliometric analysis（quantitative）with the description of the literature（qualitative），sorting out relevant researches of domestic scholars，analysis of the causes of the domestic “problem vaccine”incident，proposed targeted improvement measures. Finally，100 studies were included， the largest number of publications in 2016；31 of them have fund support；21 core journals；57 research institutions sourced from university research；the top three authors of the literature are Beijing，Sichuan，and Hubei；the main reason is that the drugsuper?vision and management system is not perfect， incomplete legislative model，event punishment is light. The government should strengthen the construction of supervision system and improve the legislative model，at the same time， actively play the role of media supervision，minimize the social impact of vaccine events.