The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019（COVID?19） highlights the urgency of building a whistleblower system for infectious diseases. The establishment of the system is of great significance， which is conducive to improving the legal system of health prevention and control， the early prevention and control of infectious diseases and the protection of the rights of whistle blowers. The moral hazard， rights and obligations of whistleblowers， as well as the connection and coordination of the existing legal system should be considered in the construction of the system.