The healthy literacy data of rural residents in Jiangsu Province were investigated by questionnaire. After standardization， the level of healthy lifestyle and behavioral literacy of rural residents in 2015 was 16.3%， which was 3.2% higher than that in 2012. The awareness rate of residents in most knowledge points was higher than 70%， and that of 6 knowledge points was less than 60%. The awareness rate of 7 knowledge points showed an overall upward trend， while that of 11 knowledge points decreased. The level of healthy lifestyle and behavioral literacy of rural residents has been slowly improved， and the awareness rate of various contents of healthy lifestyle has been unevenly rising and falling， suggesting that effective measures should be taken continuously to enhance the awareness of healthy lifestyle.