Adopting the method of stratified cluster random sampling， a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1236 undergraduates of clinical medicine major using CD?RISC and Pittsburgh sleep quality index（PSQI）， and Binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the psychological resilience score of the respondents was（66.98±16.64）. The score of sleep quality was（6.13±2.66），and 276（27.1%） had sleep quality problems（PSQI >7）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of sleep problems in the group with high overall mental resilience was lower than that in the group with low overall mental resilience（OR=0.567， 95%CI =0.399~0.804）. The higher group of the three factors of resilience （hardiness， self?reliance and optimism） also had lower incidence of sleep problems than the lower group. Mental resilience is an important factor affecting the sleep quality of undergraduates majoring in clinical medicine.