With the development of the society， various new discoveries and re?emerging infectious disease keep emerging， which has increasingly become a severe challenge for the international community and governments. Publicity is the essential feature of epidemic， social prevention and control as well as medical intervention are the two basic approaches of the epidemic. However， as most emerging infectious diseases are caused by viruses， it is difficult to prevent the occurrence and spread by medical prevention and control， so it is necessary for social prevention and control to play an important role. However， in the fight against the corona virus disease 2019（COVID?19）， it exposed the shortage of social prevention and control capabilities to deal with sudden outbreaks. Therefore， it is suggested to promote the construction of the social prevention and control system to establish a perfect and effective public health emergency management system and better deal with the epidemic situation.