The establishment and development of my country’s health and epidemic prevention system have distinct characteristics of the times. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China， health and epidemic prevention has gradually formed a complete system through the start of the revolutionary base area， the development of socialist construction， and the innovation and improvement after reform and opening up. The sanitation and epidemic prevention system is directly related to the lives and health of the people. In order to achieve the goal of Healthy China， the party and the government attach great importance to the development of the sanitation and epidemic prevention system. Interpreting the development process of my country’s health and epidemic prevention is beneficial to summing up experience from history and improving the country’s ability to deal with major risks and challenges. The article starts with the development process of the sanitation and epidemic prevention system， combs the development of the sanitation and epidemic prevention system since the new democracy， summarizes the development experience of various periods， and provides reference for the innovative development of my country’s sanitation and epidemic prevention system in the new era.