The competency model refers to the structure of competency characteristic elements that should be possessed for a specific role. It is important to establish a competency model that reflects the teaching ability of guiding doctors in standardized training for residents. In this study，29 characteristic elements of competency of guiding doctors in standardized training for residents were collected by literature review and behavioral event interviews. A pilot survey was carried out through questionnaires and expert consultation， and the questionnaire was then optimized according to the survey results. The optimized new questionnaire was administered in the main survey. A competency model of guiding doctors in standardized training for residents was established by exploratory factor analysis， which included 21 characteristics in three dimensions: teaching skills， literacy traits and clinical competence. The confirmatory factor analysis of the model by enlarging the sample size showed that the structure of the constructed model of guiding doctors in standardized training for residents was valid，with relatively high convergent validity and differentiation， and it could be applied to the evaluation of guiding doctors in standardized training for residents.