Objective: Based on the statistics of patients’ top ten disease composition priority, gender, age and the average length of stay from 2013 to 2016 in a tertiary hospital in Nanjing, we analyzed the intrinsic factor and the future trend and changes. Methods: ICD-10 was used as the basis to classify the diseases. Excel was performed to establish the database and statistical analysis. Results: Six kinds of diseases, including coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, chemotherapy, and etc., were in the top ten. Cataract disease increased year by year. The average length of stay showed a decreasing trend. Conclusion: The hospital must take the patient as the center, consolidate the development of key disciplines, carry out multidisciplinary treatment model, actively participate in the tiered medical services and carry out health education activities, and conform to medical reform, change the medical insurance payment method and improve the internal performance plan.