By investigating the availability of emergency drugs in Nanjing medical institutions， it provides a basis for improving the policy of emergency drug supply guarantee in response to public health emergencies. Based on the World Health Organization（WHO） and the International Health Initiative（HAI） standard survey method， accessibility from 2013 to 2018 of 52 emergency drugs in different medical institutions in Nanjing city was evaluated. The overall availability of emergency drugs was higher than 50%， showing an upward trend， there were statistical differences in the availability of different levels of medical institutions（P＜0.001）， and the availability in primary medical institutions was the lowest， among 26.60% to 39.60%. The Laspeyres price index for emergency drugs had been rising year by year， with the price of drugs in 2018 was 4.8 times higher than 2013. The affordability of urban residents is better than that of rural residents. It is suggested that the government should strengthen the emergency drug reserve system， give full play to the role of primary medical institutions， improve the drug price formation mechanism， and formulate a national list of emergency drug list.