Pericyte，a kind of mesenchymal cell，surrounds the wall of microvessels. Inflammation is the body’s defense response to tissue damage，which is helpful to the proliferation and repair of damaged tissues and the removal of harmful substances. However， excessive inflammatory reaction will also cause damage to the body and cause diseases. Studies in recent years have paid more and more attention to the role of pericytes in inflammation. Pericytes can quickly respond to inflammatory stimulation，regulate neutrophilic infiltration in process，and exert the interaction of endothelial cells through direct contact，paracrine and a series of signal transduction pathways，to maintain stable neurovascular unit and physiological barrier. In addition，pericytes themselves have the immune function of phagocytosis and antigen presentation，and have the dual role of anti - inflammatory and proinflammatory in the regulation of inflammation. These effects make pericytes play an important role in inflammatory diseases，and provide a possible research direction for the treatment of pericytes. This article will review how the pericytes function in inflammation and their role in inflammatory diseases，and review the research progress of related therapies.