Environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals(EDC)are widespread in people’s production and living environment. Due to a wide variety of endocrine disruptors，they not only interfere with human reproductive system，nervous system and immune system，but also exert a non-negligible influence on the thyroid，which is the largest endocrine organ in the body. The previous studies mostly focused on thyroid hormone and histopathology，and few reports were available on the associations between autoimmune thyroid diseases(AITD)or thyroid cancer(TC)and EDC. Therefore，the current review elucidates the potential adverse effects of EDC on thyroid，especially in autoimmune thyroid diseases and thyroid cancer，including induction of thyroid autoantibodies and the effect on T cell differentiation，etc.，which may provide a basis for the study of the potential environmental exposure risk factors of autoimmune thyroid diseases and thyroid cancer，and has positive significance on prevention and treatment of these diseases.