Gynecological malignancies，such as cervical cancer，ovarian cancer，and endometrial cancer，are characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity. Once they enter the advanced stage，the prognosis is often poor. The emergence and development of single-cell sequencing technology have provided a better platform for investigating the mechanisms of tumor initiation and progression，identifying rare cells，mapping cellular lineages，guiding targeted precision therapies for tumors，and predicting patient outcomes at the single-cell level. This article provides a comprehensive review of the rise and development of single-cell sequencing technology and its applications in the research on gynecologic malignancies.