阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease，AD）是最常见的神经退行性疾病。大量证据表明，遗传因素在AD的发病机制中起重要作用。2型髓系细胞触发受体（triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2，TREM2）基因是新发现的AD易感基因之一。文章搜索近年来相关高质量文献，结合课题组前期成果，从TREM2基因变异与AD易感风险，TREM2的结构、配体及信号传导，TREM2与AD病理进程，靶向TREM2的AD疗法等4个方面，对TREM2在AD中的研究现状进行了全面综述，期望能为后续AD的遗传及发病机制研究和药物研发提供理论参考。
Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease（AD）is the most common type of neurodegenerative disorder. Mounting evidence suggest that genetic factors play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of AD. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2（TREM2）gene is a recently identified susceptibility gene for AD. Here，our previous findings and the recent high-quality studies are comprehensively reviewed regarding the association of TREM2 variants with AD risk，the structure，ligand and downstream signaling of TREM2，the involvement of TREM2 in AD progression，and targeting TREM2 for AD treatment. This review will offer further insights into the genetic and pathogenic mechanisms of AD and provide reference for the development of novel AD therapies.
