Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the third leading cause of death worldwide, is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by incompletely reversible airflow limitations. The pathogenesis of COPD is complex, and the exact mechanism is still unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles (MVs), and apoptotic bodies (ABs), carry a variety of proteins, lipids, DNA, mRNA and miRNA which are related to cell origin, and contribute to the processes of intercellular communication, cell migration, angiogenesis and immune regulation. In recent years, the role of EVs in pulmonary diseases has attracted great attention. In this review, we summarized the recent studies on EVs and COPD.