Tumor adoptive cellular immunotherapy (ACT) is a new model of tumor immunotherapy. It can induce effective anti-tumor immune response in patients by infusion the engineered immune cells which are amplified and activated in vitro. However, due to the complex tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment, immune cells are prone to exhaust and difficult to penetrate deep into the tumor, resulting in limited effect in solid tumors. In recent years, nanomaterials have received extensive attention in the field of tumor immunotherapy. Nanomaterials can promote the expansion of immune cells, their survival after in vivo infusion, and their infiltration in tumors, helping immune cells to overcome the physical barriers and immunosuppressive microenvironment in solid tumor tissues, and improve the therapeutic effect. In this article, we reviewed the current research progress of the application of nanomedicine in tumor adoptive cellular immunotherapy.