[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the application of high-resolution compressed sensing (CS) Time-of-Flight MR angiography (CS TOF-MRA) for lenticulostriate arteries (LSA), and to compare different acceleration factors. Methods: Twenty-three healthy volunteers were selected and CS TOF-MRA images were acquired for each subject with four different acceleration factors (CS 2, 3, 5, 7), which were recorded as CS2, CS3, CS5, CS7, respectively. Image quality was graded by qualitative analysis. The total number, maximum length, and the edge sharpness of LSAs were quantitative analyzed and compared by Friedman test and variance analysis, followed by post-hoc test. Results: The acquisition time of CS2, CS3, CS5 and CS7 were 6min3s, 4min8s, 2min35s and 2min3s, respectively. The image quality of CS2 and CS3 were significantly better than CS5 and CS7 (all P<0.05). CS2 was significantly superior to the other three groups for displaying the total number of LSA (all P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between CS3 and CS5, CS5 and CS7. The maximum length of LSA on CS2 was 3.47±0.29 cm, which was longer than CS3 (3.22±0.29 cm), CS5 (3.00±0.33), and CS7 (2.69±0.32) (all P<0.05). For the edge sharpness of LSA, CS2 was significantly better than CS3, CS5 and CS7, while CS3 was better than CS5 and CS7 (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference between CS5 and CS7. Conclusions: High-resolution CS TOF-MRA with an acceleration factor 2 can provide good image quality of LSA within a reasonable time. This technology may provide a new method for displaying LSA and investigation the small vascular disease by using clinical 3.0T MR.