Asthma, a prevalent respiratory disease, remains incompletely understood in terms of its pathogenesis. Airway remodeling, a prominent feature of asthma, occurs early in the disease process. Airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) are recognized as a critical target in asthmatic airway remodeling, and the phenotypic transformation from normal contraction to proliferation/synthesis is one of the important characteristics of airway remodeling. Autophagy, a cellular process that serves as a defense mechanism and maintains cellular homeostasis, plays a significant regulatory role in the pathogenesis of asthma, particularly in the phenotype transformation of ASMC to promote airway remodeling. In this paper, we review the relationship between autophagy and phenotype transformation of ASMC, as well as relevant findings in the context of asthma pathogenesis, with the aim of inspiring future research endeavors in this field.