Prostate cancer is one of the common malignancies in men. Currently, mpMRI is the preferred imaging modality for the non-invasive detection, localization, and staging prostate cancer. However, the interpretation of mpMRI images relies on the experience and subjective judgment of the reader, leading to potential diagnostic bias. Quantitative techniques can provide a more objective and precise interpretation for the pathophysiological characteristics of prostate lesions. Traditional quantitative techniques include DTI、DKI、IVIM and T2 mapping, but their limitations restrict their widespread clinical utility. Nevertheless, Synthetic MRI has emerged as a novel quantitative technique that enables the acquisition of multiple sets of absolute measurements based on histopathophysiological properties in a single scan. With its high scanning efficiency and error tolerance rate, Synthetic MRI holds promising clinical prospects in prostate cancer. This review will discuss the clinical applications of both traditional and novel quantitative techniques in prostate cancer.