With the change of human disease spectrum,obesity and its complications have become important health risk factors.Under normal conditions, there is a certain amount of fat droplets in skeletal muscle,which is called intermuscular fat.In obesity,fat droplet production is greater than consumption, exceeding the storage function of adipose tissue,resulting in ectopic fat deposition.Excessive accumulation of intermuscular fat will lead to poor skeletal muscle function and play an important role in the occurrence and development of sarcopenia,obesity and diabetes.However,the specific regulatory mechanism of the occurrence and development of skeletal muscle intermuscular fat infiltration is still unclear.Exploring new ways and new methods to improve skeletal muscle intermuscular fat infiltration will not only help deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases,but also provide new ideas for the treatment of these diseases.In this paper,the physiological function and pathological mechanism of intermuscular adipose tissue causing intermuscular adipose infiltration were reviewed,and the research progress on the intervention of intermuscular adipose infiltration was reviewed to provide potential therapeutic means for the treatment of clinical diseases related to intermuscular adipose infiltration.