With the widespread use of chest low-dose computed tomography, the detection rate of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) is increasing year by year. Tissue biopsies of PPLs are required to obtain a pathological diagnosis. PPLs are far away from the central airway and close to the pleura, which is difficult to reach by conventional bronchoscopy, and the diagnostic rate and sensitivity are not ideal. Although the diagnostic rate of percutaneous lung biopsy has been improved, it has high complications. Robot-assisted bronchoscopy (RAB) is a new technology for the diagnosis of lung lesions, which improves navigation accuracy, expands the reachable range of the lens, and has the advantages of high accuracy, stability and flexibility, providing higher diagnostic rate and safety than traditional bronchoscopy. RAB can also be used as an interventional platform to combine with the existing ablation therapy for the ablation of lung tumors. With the continuous improvement of science and technology, the application of RAB will be more and more widespread and is the development trend of bronchoscopy.