Abstract Objective To investigate the trends and characteristics of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) epidemiology in Jiangsu, and to provide scientific evidences for the plan of elimanating HBV related threats on public health. Methods An epidemiological analysis was performed on HBV age-standardized incidence rate (HBV-ASIR) from Jiangsu province between 2010 and 2024. We mapped spatial characteristics by SaTScan 9.5 and ArcMap 10.2, performed trend testing by Joinpoint regression analysis, predicted short-term future epidemic trends by seasnoal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, evaluated the age, period, and birth cohort effects by age-period-cohort model on HBV-ASIR. Results The reported HBV-ASIR increased yearly from 15.80 per 100 000 in 2010 to 25.53 per 100 000 in 2024, with an averge annual growth rate of 3.49%. The areas with high HBV-ASIR included Taizhou, Huai’an, Suqian, Xuzhou in Jiangsu. HBV-ASIR exhibits spatiotemporal clustering. A primary cluster was identified in northern Huai’an and the entire Suqian from August 2012 to February 2017. A secondary cluster was mainly concentrated in the northern of Xuzhou from January to December 2020. Male HBV-ASIR predominated with an averge male/female ratio of 1.95:1. The HBV-ASIR decreased from 11.75 per 100 000 in 2010 to 6.16 per 100 000 in 2024 in the age group of less than 30 years, with an average annual growth rate of -4.51%. While, an increasing trends were observed in the age group of more than 30 years, highest increasing percentage (9.21%) was observed in the age group of more than 70 years. For occupations, peasant workers accounted for the biggest proportion (47.25%) of HBV case. The optimal model of HBV-ASIR was ARIMA(1,1,1)(0,1,1)12，showed that the HBV report incidence would be stabilize fluctuations in 2025-2027. For age-period-cohort model, age effect indicated that HBV-ASIR risk in the age groups less than 30 years was lower than the reference age group of 30-34 (RR>1), while the risk in the age groups more than 35 years (except for 55-59) was higher than the reference age group (RR>1). Compared with indicate period of 2010-2014 for period effect, HBV-ASIR risk increased following the period advancing (RR>1). With the 1925-1929 birth cohort as the reference (RR=1), the cohort effect revealed that the HBV-ASIR risk was the highest among the birth cohort in 1980-1984. After 1985, HBV-ASIR risk declined rapidly (RR>1), while for those born between 1930-1979, the HBV-ASIR risk showed increasing trend year-by-year (RR>1). Conclusions HBV remians a major public health threats in Jiangsu, and measures based on the epidemiological features are urgently needed, especially a population aged more than 30 years.