Exosomes (EXs), a type of nanoscale membrane vesicles secreted by various cells, are widely present in the micro environment of the reproductive system, such as semen, epididymal fluid, uterine fluid, follicular fluid, and placenta. They carry biological active materials such as mRNAs, microRNAs, etc., by connecting ligand-receptor or membrane fusion, which achieves intercellular communication. We can see that exos play an important role in the process of gametes maturation, embryo development, maternal and fetus communication, and abnormality will cause adverse consequences as well. This paper will give a complete review on the most recent developments on exosomes in reproduction research. The aim is to give a basis for students who may study this area and ideas for their own investigations on how exosomes affect the processes in reproduction at the molecular level.