Objective：To explore the genetic association between the regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted（RANTES） gene promoter -403G／A polymorphism and respiratory syncytial virus（RSV） bronchiolitis in Chinese Han nationality population. Methods：Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism（PCR-RFLP） was used to identify the polymorphism at position -403 of the RANTES promoter in 238 patients with RSV bronchiolitis and 288 health controls. The total IgE concentrations in serum samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Results：Compared to normal groups, no significant difference was demonstrated for genotype and allele frequency of the RANTES -403G／A polymorphism in RSV bronchiolitis. However，both the percentage of the personal atopy history and the familial atopy history showed significant difference among the three genetypes of -403G／A in RSV bronchiolitis group（P < 0.05）. Interestingly，compared with those carring the GG genotype，subjects with -403A allele demonstrated a 2.57-fold increased risk of personal atopy history. The IgE level indicated significant difference among the three genetypes in RSV bronchiolitis group. Conclusion：The RANTES promoter -403G／A polymorphism may not be associated with the susceptibility of RSV bronchiolitis in Chinese Han nationality population. However，the -403A allele may be a predisposing factor of the personal atopy history.