Objective:To establish a rat model with Alzheimer’s disease(AD) induced by incubated Aβ1-40 and study the changes of learning and memory ability and pathology. Methods:Incubated Aβ1-40 was microinjected into the bilateral hippocampus of each rat. Jumplag test and Morris water maze test was used to evaluate rat learning and memory function. The pathological changes were observed by haematoxylin-eosin(HE) and silver staining. Results:The capability of learning and memory was impaired significantly after Aβ1-40 injection. Neuron death,glial reaction and neurofibrillary tangles were found in or around the injection sites. Conclusion:These results suggest that the aggregated and deposition of Aβ1240 in the hippocampus was related to the impairment of learning and memory, and the neuronal degeneration in the rats which showed similar behavior and pathological characterizations of AD. It could be used as an animal model for the prevention and cure of AD.