目的:探讨匹配伺服通气(ASV)对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者持续气道正压通气(CPAP)治疗后残余嗜睡的影响。方法:选择经正规使用自动调压CPAP(auto-CPAP,APAP)治疗1个月后存在残余嗜睡的42例中、重度OSAS患者作为实验组,均排除其他嗜睡相关疾病,进行ASV治疗1周。另选取APAP治疗1个月后存在残余嗜睡并继续使用APAP治疗1周的24例患者作为对照组。分别比较实验组APAP治疗时和ASV治疗时以及对照组在相同时间段睡眠期的呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停指数(CSAI)、微觉醒指数(MAI)以及最低脉氧饱和度等多导睡眠监测参数,使用Epworth嗜睡量表(ESS)进行白日嗜睡程度的评估,并以酶联免疫吸附试验法测定可能与嗜睡相关的血浆TNF-α水平。结果:实验组在ASV治疗时与APAP治疗时比较,多导睡眠监测参数、ESS以及血浆TNF-α水平均显著改善(P < 0.01)。其中ASV治疗后的ESS由ASV治疗前的较高水平(9.81 ± 0.59)分下降至正常范围(3.98 ± 1.26)分。而对照组中仅平均脉氧饱和度略有升高(P <0.05)。结论:ASV治疗可以明显改善OSAS患者的残余嗜睡,其机制可能与降低的CSAI和血浆TNF-α水平有关。
Objective:To investigate the effects of adaptive servo-ventilation(ASV) on the residual sleepiness(RS) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS). Methods:Following correct application of one month’s auto-CPAP(APAP) treatment and exclusion for other sleepiness-associated disorders, 42 RS patients with moderate-to-severe OSAS were recruited. All of them received one week’s ASV treatment with auto CS2 ventilator. 24 patients with RS after 1 month’s treatment with APAP were recruited as the control group, which went on receiving one week’s treatment with APAP. Comparisons were made between APAP and ASV treatment group concerning the following parameters: polysomnographic parameters including apnea hypopnea index(AHI), central sleep apnea index(CSAI), micro-arousal index(MAI), minimal pulse oxygen saturation(mini SpO2), daytime Epworth sleepiness score(ESS); and plasma tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) which is one of possibly sleepiness-associated factor. Comparisons were also made at the same time point in control group. Plasma TNF-α levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results: Compared with the parameters at the end of one month’s APAP treatment, there was a further significant decrease in AHI, CSAI, MAI, daytime ESS and plasma TNF-α levels(P < 0.01) at the end of one week’s ASV treatment in RS group. ESS before ASV treatment(9.81 ± 0.59) returned to normal range(3.98 ± 1.26) following ASV treatment(P < 0.01). Only was mean SpO2 higher in the control group than in the ASV treatment group(P < 0.05). Conclusion:ASV treatment could significantly improve RS in OSAS patients, the mechanism might be associated with declined levels of CSAI and TNF-α.
姚苏梅,张希龙.匹配伺服通气对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者残余嗜睡疗效的研究[J].南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2008,28(3):376-379