Objective:To investigate the expression of annexin A10(ANXA10) in human esophageal squamous cancer tissues,and to discuss its value in the development of human esophageal squamous cell cancer(SCC). Methods:The expression of annexin A10 in 40 matched-pairs of SCC tissues were detected by RT-PCR,Real-time PCR,Western blot methods. Results:The relative intensities of annexin A10 mRNA expression in SCC tissues and peri-carcinoma tissues were 77.06 ± 37.11,66.99 ± 17.62 respectively. The relative intensities of annexin A10 protein expression in SCC tissues and peri-carcinoma tissues were 1.73 ± 1.30,1.26 ± 1.18 respectively. There were remarkable differences between SCC and esophageal peri-carcinoma tissues. There were also remarkable differences between lymph node metastasis group and non-metastasis group; among well,moderately and poorly differentiated groups. Conclusion:The expression of annexin A10 in SCC is up-regulated and associated with cell differentiation and lymph-node metastasis. Detection of annexin A10 might be a valuable tumor marker and prognostic factor for SCC.