Objective:To explore the effection and mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion injury alleviation after performing liver transplantation on rats by pretreatment with ligustrazine. Methods:125 male SD rats were divided into 3 groups:sham operation group,control group(saline used as perfusate),experimental group(pretreatment with ligustrazine and saline used as perfusate). The rats in control group and experimental group were performed orthotopic liver transplantation. The levels of serum ALT,AST,TNF-α,IL-1-茁 and endotoxin were detected at 1,6,24,72 h after operation. Liver pathological changes was measured simultaneously. Results:the levels of serum ALT,AST,TNF-α,IL-1-茁 and endotoxin detected in experimental group were lower than those in control group,however higher than those in sham operation group(P < 0.05). Light microscopy result indicated that the inflammation and activation of Kuffer’s cells in experimental group were less severe than those in control group. Conclusion:Pretreatment with Ligustrazine could protect liver grafts against ischemia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation in rats.