Objective:To establish the nonalcoholic fatty liver model of rat induced by high fat diet. Methods:Twenty Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided randomly into two groups:normal control group fed with common diet and model group fed with high fat diet for 4 weeks. The general conditions and weight changes were observed for 4 weeks. All rat were sacrificed at the end of 4 th week of experiment. Blood samples were collected for measure the alanine aminotransferase(ALT),albumin(ALB),triglyceride(TG). The liver specimens were stained with HE for histology. Liver index was counted. Results:The liver index and triglyceride(TG) of model group were significantly higher than those of control group. The alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and albumin(ALB) between two groups didn’t have significant difference. The histological observation showed mild to moderate hepatic steatosis. Conclusion:The nonalcoholic fatty liver model of rat was successfully established.