Objective:To study the reasons of misdiagnosis and postoperative recurrence of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberan(DFSP)and find out effective ways to improve its cure rate. Methods:The clinical and pathological data of 36 patients with DFSP was submitted to a retrospective study. All 36 patients underwent wide excisions with intraoperative frozen sections. The surgical margins were between 2.5 and 3.0 cm. Three patients with relapse history were treated with 125I radioactive seeds implantation. Results:The clinical misdiagnosis rate at first diagnosis was high to 63.8%(23/36). The operative wounds of all 36 extensive resections were covered with skin grafts or flap transplantations,and the primary healing rate was 95%. The median follow-up period was 3.4(1~6)years and 4(11.1%)cases recurred. Three patients with 125I radioactive seeds implantation were followed up for 1 year to 2 years and none of them had recurrence. There were neither distant metastasis nor death in all cases. Conclusion:The high misdiagnosis rate of DFSP is mainly attributed to untypical early symptoms. The diagnosis of DFSP depends on pathological examination. Wide excision is the crucial measure to improve cure rate and interstitial brachytherapy is an effective adjunctive therapy.