Objective:To study the relationship between blood pressure,blood glucose and the different causes of death in elderly,and then provide a guidance for clinical prevention. Methods:883 dead patients with relatively complete information were investigated,to choose cases aged over 60 years as subjects. The 501 patients were divided into two groups:180 diabetics and 321 non-diabetics,and then were subgrouped according to blood pressure:diabetes/hypertension group(DM/HT,108 cases,60.14%),diabetes group(DM,72 cases,39.86%),hypertension group(HT,130 cases,40.50%),non diabetes/hypertension group(non-DM/HT,191 cases,59.50%) respectively. Sex,age,blood pressure,blood glucose and cause of death were observed in each group. Results:① The incidence of hypertension in the elderly were 40% in non-diabetes and 60% in diabetes,and higher in men;②Cerebral hemorrhage was the first cause of death(more than 30%) in DM/HT and HT groups;meanwhile vascular accident,mostly infarction was only 20% in DM and non-DM/HT groups;③Malignant tumors was the first cause of death in DM and non-DM/HT groups,and meanwhile it was not related with hypertension(except for renal spindle cell carcinoma);④There was a high prevalence of infection in the two sub-groups of diabetes;⑤The uremia prevalence was higher in DM/HT group and HT group than in the other two subgroups;⑥Multiple regression analysis showed systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were associated with cardio-cerebral vascular accident,unrelated to tumors and infection,the systolic blood pressure was also associated with uremia;fasting blood glucose were associated with the four causes of death. Conclusions:There was a relationship between blood pressure and blood glucose with the different causes of death in the elderly,and we should carry into disease prevention accordingly to different groups.