Objective:To evaluate the changes of serum prostate specific antigen(PSA) levels in type 2 diabetes and hypertension patients. Methods:Totally 612 patients from 40 to 78 years old were divided into three groups: diabetes group, hypertension group and control group. All the patients were invited to complete a questionnaire and serum PSA test. Then a two-way ANOVA was performed to examine the association of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and PSA. Results:The serum PSA level of diabetes group was lower than that of control group and there was statistically significant difference between them(P < 0.05). The serum PSA level of hypertension group was higher than that of control group. But the difference between the two groups wasn’t statistically significant(P > 0.05). Conclusion:Our results suggest that the patients with type 2 diabetes experience lower serum PSA levels comparing with those without diabetes. Further research is needed to elucidate whether the difference results in a relatively lower less cancer detection among diabetic men.