Objective: To investigate the feasibility of establishmene of a reliable jugular vein - carotid artery transplantation rat model,and observe the pathological features of the vein grafts. Methods: The jugular vein - carotid artery transplantation model of SD rat was established by cuff technique. Grafts were harvested at 1 d,7 d,and 21 d,respectively,and underwent morphometric analysis by HE staining. The thickness of intimal media hyperplasia was measured by Digimizer image analysis software. Results: Eighteen vein graft animal models were established successfully. There were two rats died,and vein graft thrombosis at one animal. The overall success rate was 83.3%. The intimal media thickness of vein graft was (48.47 ± 11.28) μm after 1 d and increased to (66.05 ± 19.1) μm after 7 d,and increased to (300.44 ± 181.54) μm after 21 d (-字2 = 125.2,P < 0.01),and comparison between any two has a significant difference. Conclusion: The cuff technique of estabilish ment of vein graf model was simple and with high successful rate. The model can replicate the pathophysiology of human vein graft procedure exactly,consequently be widely used in experimental studies for human vein graft diseases.