南京市新生儿出生体重的回顾性流行病学分析
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江苏省科技厅自然科学基金项目(项目号BK2008501)


A retrospective epidemiological analysis on birth weight of neonates and its risk factors in Nanjing city
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    摘要:

    目的:描述南京市新生儿出生体重的流行病学分布特征并分析其影响因素-方法:采用分层抽样和整群抽样相结合的多阶段抽样方法,随机抽取了南京玄武区(城市)和六合区(农村)的各5个街道或乡镇,根据妇幼保健机构的孕产妇保健卡记录,通过问卷调查采集当地2002~2004年分娩的全部活产儿及其产妇的年龄-体重-文化程度-孕周-孕次以及新生儿体重等信息,进行回顾性分析-结果:①南京市2002~2004年新生儿平均出生体重为(3 373.76 ± 466.23) g(最低体重1 340 g,最高6 900 g),低出生体重儿发生率为1.4%,巨大儿发生率为6.8%-②玄武区新生儿出生体重和身高分别为(3 505.71 ± 541.92) g和(49.69 ± 3.37) cm,显著高于六合地区[(3 293.09 ± 392.01) g和(48.63 ± 2.70) cm),P < 0.001];两个地区男性新生儿出生体重均显著高于女性(P < 0.001)-③玄武区2004年新生儿出生体重显著高于2003年(P < 0.01),2003年女性新生儿出生体重显著低于2002年(P < 0.05)-而六合区男女性新生儿出生体重在这3年分布均无显著差异(F = 1.885,P > 0.05;F = 1.751,P > 0.05)-④随着胎龄的增加,不同地区-不同性别新生儿出生体重均呈增加趋势(P < 0.001)-随着母亲怀孕年龄的增加,女性新生儿出生体重总体上呈线性上升趋势(F = 3.887,P < 0.01)-结论:南京市新生儿体重分布存在明显的城乡差异和性别差异;随着胎龄和孕母怀孕年龄的增加,新生儿出生体重呈增加趋势-

    Abstract:

    Objective: To investigate the status of infant birth weight in Nanjing area and explore potential risk factors of low birth weight and macrosomia. Methods: A multi-stage sampling method combined by stratified sampling and cluster sampling was used and five districts and town streets of Xuanwu and Luhe area were respectively taken as the program field. Total 3305 subjects of live birth from 2002 to 2004 were chosen as retrospective observation objects with the questionnaire survey. The information of maternal age,weight,educational level,gestational age,gravidity and neonatal birth weight etc. were collected according to the maternal health card provided by local maternity and child care center. Results:① The average birth weight of the neonates in Nanjing in the year 2002-2004 was 3 373.76 ± 466.23 g. The incidence rate of low birth weight was 1.4% and that of macrosomia was 6.8%. ② The average birth weight and height of the neonates in Xuanwu district(3 505.71 ± 541.92 g,49.69 ± 3.37 cm) were significantly higher than those in Luhe district (3 293.09 ± 392.01 g,48.63 ± 2.70 cm)(P < 0.05). The birth weights of male were significantly higher than those of female in Xuanwu and Luhe districts,respectively (both P < 0.001). ③ The birth weight of the neonates of 2004 was significantly higher than that of 2003,and the birth weight of female of 2003 was lower than that of 2002 (P < 0.05) in Xuanwu district,whereas no statistical differences of birth weight was found between the years of 2002,2003 and 2004. ④ With the increase of gestational age,birth weights of the neonates elevated significantly in different districts and different gender(P < 0.01). Additionally,birth weights of female linearly increased with the increase of pregnancy age (F = 3.887,P < 0.01). Conclusion: The results suggest that there were significant rural-urban difference and sex difference for birth weight in Nanjing City. Birth weight arises significantly with the increase of gestational age and pregnancy age.

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方 亮,张竹繁,刘启兰,虞 项,沈 冲.南京市新生儿出生体重的回顾性流行病学分析[J].南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2012,(2):163-167

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  • 收稿日期:2011-06-21
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