Objective:To investigate the awareness rate of syphilis related knowledge among different types of population in Jiangsu province for further controlling syphilis. Methods:Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select participants;and questionnaire survey on syphilis related knowledge was conducted among 3 016 participants from 13 cities of Jiangsu province. Results:Among 3 016 participants,the awareness rate of syphilis related knowledge was 67.69;and the highest rate was 86.04% among MSM,while the lowest rate was 54.01% among migrant workers. The awareness rate of syphilis related knowledge in 30~39 age group was the highest,with 74.48%,and the lowest rate of awareness was 53.99% in 20 age group. Participants with the higher educational level reported the more awareness of syphilis related knowledge;and the highest rate was 76.24% among participants with receiving college education or above. Most participants got syphilis related knowledge through television,propaganda and internet. Conclusion:There was a large difference between the awareness rates of syphilis related knowledge among different groups. We should strengthen propagandizing the syphilis prevention knowledge to achieve “Chinese syphilis prevention and control program (2010-2020)”.