Objective:To explore a new and suitable technical scheme of establishing type 1 diabetes (T1DM) rats model by STZ injection for beginners. Methods:Total 100 male Wistar rats were divided into diabetes mellitus model (DMM) group and the control group (NC) randomly. The technical scheme for establishing animal model is different from the existing literature. The DMM group of two batches were followed by a single intraperitoneal injection 60 mg/kg(DMM1) or 70 mg/kg(DMM2) STZ solution respectively. the NC group was injected with the same amount of citrate buffer. The rats in DMM1 and DMM2 goups,which didn’t develop T1DM,were compiled into DMM3 group(55 mg/kg STZ by a intraperitoneal injection). After 72 h of STZ treatment,the rats were considerd as T1DM model with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) after 17 h fasting≥ 11.1 mmol /L and with corresponding physiological indicators. Results:The rat model can’t be constructed successfully by a single intraperitoneal injection STZ of 60 mg/kg. The FPG of rats in DMM2 group changed significantly before and after STZ injection(P < 0.05),and 75% of rats developed T1DM. The rats that didn’t develop T1DM with first injection of STZ developed T1DM after supplementary dose in DMM3 group. Conclusion:Constructing T1DM rats induced by STZ injection in batch is best for beginners to use.