Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the interventional effects of breviscapine on myocardial tissue of and neuropeptide Y level of diabetic rats. Methods:Experimental diabetes model of wistar rats were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. They were randomly divided into untreated group,insulin treatment group,low dose breviscapine intervention group,high dose breviscapine intervention group and normal control group. The body weight and blood glucose at state of empty stomach were measured before execution. Furthermore,cardiac mass index and heart coefficient of rats were measured after excution. NPY levels in plasm and myocardial tissue were measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA). The pathologic changes of myocardium were observed using HE staining. Results:Cardiac mass index,heart coefficient and NPY levels in plasma and myocardial tissue of diabetic rats were significantly increased. Various pathological changes were observed in diabetic rats. TRI and breviscapine intervention improved myocardial tissue pathological changes of diabetic rats,the effect of high dose intervention of breviscapine is similar to that of insulin therapy. NPY levels were decreased in plasma during breviscapine intervention,while increased in myocardial tissue. The results showed that NPY levels were significantly higher in diabetic rats as compared with control group. Conclusion:Breviscapine didn’t reduce the level of blood glucose,however,it improved physiological functions,such as myocanrdium hypertrophy and cardiac function in rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy.