Objective:Some adiponectin gene polymorphisms were associated with the risk of many inflammatory diseases. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms in adiponectin genes and hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in a Chinese population. Methods:SNaPshot was adopted to detect the adiponectin genotypes and allele distributions of rs2241766,rs1501299,rs17300539 and rs266729 in 150 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and 150 healthy controls. Results:The frequency distributions of GG genotype and G allele of rs266729 locus were statistically significantly different between the patients and the controls. The hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage risk of GG genotype of rs266729 locus was 2.623 times higher than that of CC genotype (95% confidence interval,1.282-5.366;P=0.008). This difference retained significant using a logistic regression after multivariate adjustment for the other possible confounders. However,the risk of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage was not associated with rs2241766,rs1501299 and rs17300539 locus. Conclusion:Rs266729 gene polymorphism of adiponectin gene is related to hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. GG genotype and G allele of rs266729 locus may increase the risk of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in a Chinese population.