全基因组染色体芯片在流产绒毛及死胎遗传学诊断中的应用
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江苏省妇幼健康重点学科资助项目(T?XK2017)


Application of whole⁃genome chromosomal microarray analysis in genetic diagnosis of spontaneous miscarriages and stillbirths
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    摘要:

    目的:探讨全基因组染色体微阵列芯片(chromosomal microarray analysis,CMA)在自然流产及死胎组织遗传学诊断中的临床应用价值,分析临床流产与染色体异常的相关性,为流产夫妇的遗传咨询和临床诊治提供指导。方法:利用Affymetrix Cytoscan 750K芯片对91例流产样本进行遗传学检测,利用ChAS 3.0软件进行判读分析,并参考DGV、DECIPHER、OMIM、ISCA、UCSC、ClinVar等国际公共病理性数据库,同时与既往文献进行比对,分析拷贝数变异的病理性。结果:91例流产绒毛和死胎样本均获得芯片结果,检测成功率为100%,共检出61例(67.03%)异常样本,除40例(65.57%)染色体非整倍体异常(30例三体、10例单体)外,CMA还检测出了10例(16.39%)染色体结构异常、2例(3.28%)多倍体、5例(8.20%)嵌合体、4例(6.56%)杂合性缺失/单亲二倍体。10例染色体结构异常涉及1p36.33p31.1、4p16.3、7q36.2q36.3、22q11.21等区带,其中4例为两条染色体间长短臂末端同时出现缺失和(或)重复,高度提示父母一方为相互易位携带者。结论:全基因组染色体微阵列芯片无需细胞培养,具有高通量、高分辨率、准确率高、报告周期短等优点,可为流产遗传学检测提供更全面的信息,为患者的病因诊断和再生育风险评估提供科学理论指导,可作为流产物遗传学诊断的主要检测技术。

    Abstract:

    Objective:To investigate the clinical value of whole-genome chromosomal microarray analysis(CMA)in the genetic diagnosis of chorionic villi and stillbirths and the relationship between spontaneous miscarriage and chromosomal aberrations,and to provide genetic counseling for couples with spontaneous abortion. Methods:A total of 91 abortion samples were tested by Affymetrix Cytoscan 750 K and analyzed with Chromosome Analysis Suite(ChAS)software. The detected copy number variations(CNVs)were aligned with public literatures and known CNVs listed in databases,such as DGV,DECIPHER,OMIM,ISCA,UCSC,and ClinVar. Results:All 91 cases(100%)were successfully detected,among which 61(67.03%)were chromosomal abnormalities. Forty(65.57%)of the 61 specimens were aneuploidy(30 trisomy and 10 monosomy),10 specimens(16.39%)were structural anomalies,2 specimens(3.28%)were polyploid,5 specimens(8.20%)were mosaicisms,and 4 specimens(6.56%)showed loss of heterozygosity or uniparental disomy. The structural anomalies were identified in 10 patients,which involved microdeletions and microduplications on 1p36.33p31.1,4p16.3,7q36.2q36.3,22q11.21,and four cases with small segmental deletion and duplication at the terminal end of the long and short arm of two chromosomes,which highly indicated that one of their parents could be carriers of submicroscopic reciprocal translocation. Conclusion:Whole-genome chromosomal microarray analysis could be used as a first-line method for genetic diagnosis of the miscarriages,due to its high-throughput,high resolution,high-accuracy,rapid-analysis and without cell culture. The identification of the cytogenetic cause of spontaneous miscarriage can facilitate estimation of recurrence risks for future pregnancies. It can be used as the main detection technique for genetic diagnosis of abortions.

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钱芳波,沈 晔.全基因组染色体芯片在流产绒毛及死胎遗传学诊断中的应用[J].南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2018,(11):1586-1592

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  • 收稿日期:2018-04-03
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-12-03
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