Objective：The aim of this study was to determine the change of long non-coding RNA（lncRNA）taurine up-regulated 1（TUG1）and metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1（MALAT1）in patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells（PBMCs）with T2DM，expecting to find a biomarker in diagnosing T2DM. Methods：Real-time quantitative PCR（qRT-PCR）was used to detect the expression levels of lncRNA TUG1 and MALAT1 in 60 patients with type 2 diabetes（the diabetes group）and 45 healthy controls（the healthy control group）. The effects of fasting blood glucose，glycated hemoglobin and the course of disease on lncRNA expression were analyzed. Results：The results of qRT-PCR showed that the relative expression level of lncRNA TUG1 in PBMC of T2DM patients was 6.25 times of the healthy control group（P < 0.05），and the relative expression level of lncRNA MALAT1 in PBMC of T2MD patients was 3.98 times of the healthy control group（P < 0.05）；In PBMC of patients with type 2 diabetes，the expression level of lncRNA MALAT1 and TUG1 rised with the increasing of fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin（P < 0.05）；Meanwhile，the expression level of lncRNA TUG1 and MALAT1 also increased with the prolongation of the patient’s disease course（P < 0.05）；The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of lncRNA TUG1 was 0.898（95% confidence interval 0.826-0.970，P < 0.001），and the area under the curve for lncRNA MALAT1 was 0.715（95% confidence interval 0.583-0.846，P < 0.001）. Conclusion：The expression of lncRNA TUG1 and MALAT1 in PBMC of patients with T2MD was elevated，and it was related to blood glucose level and course of disease. The expression level of lncRNA TUG1 and MALAT1 may be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and evaluation of the condition of patients with T2MD.