南京市4所小学2010—2015年近视流行病学调查与相关分析
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国家自然科学基金(81870679)


Epidemiological investigation and correlation analysis of myopia in four primary schools in Nanjing during 2010⁃2015
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    摘要:

    目的:分析并探讨南京市4所小学学生近视流行现状和与屈光相关的眼部生物学参数兼关系,为近视防控提供参考依据。方法:采用随机整群抽样调查方法,抽取南京市4所小学217名一年级学生,开展连续6年的随访研究。结果:随访6年后,小学生近视检出率由基线值6.70%增长至72.63%;中度近视人数在随访期间逐年增多,中度近视构成比由基线值8.33%增长至52.31%;随访初期167名非近视屈光群体中,有124名在随访期间发展为近视,其中3~4、5~6年级为近视高发期;随访期间,轴率比(axial length / corneal radius of curvature,AL/CRC)由基线数值2.89 ± 0.08增至3.13 ± 0.14(P值<0.05);等效球镜度(spherical equivalent refraction,SER)与最小分辨角对数(logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution,logMAR)视力、AL和AL/CRC(1年级除外)具有明显相关性(P值均<0.05)。结论:南京市4所小学学生的近视检出率随年级逐渐升高,其中中度近视构成比增加最为显著;3~4、5~6年级为近视发病高峰阶段;SER与logMAR视力、AL和AL/CRC均存在相关性,其中AL/CRC可考虑作为近视筛查的评估指标。

    Abstract:

    Objective:This study aims to provide basis for prevention and control of myopia by analyzing the prevalence of myopia and refraction-related ocular biological parameters of teenagers in 4 primary schools in Nanjing. Methods:By using random cluster sampling method,217 first-grade students from 4 primary schools in Nanjing were selected to carry out a follow-up study for 6 consecutive years. Results:After 6 years of follow-up,the prevalence rate of myopia increased from 6.70% to 72.63%. The number of moderate myopia increased gradually. The proportion of moderate myopia increased from 8.33% to 52.31%. there were 124 of 167 non-myopia students at baseline developing into myopia during the 6 years,and students in grade 3 to 4 or grade 5 to 6 have a higher incidence rate. AL/CRC increased from 2.89±0.08 to 3.13±0.14(P<0.05). SER was correlated with logMAR,AL and AL/CRC(Except for grade 1)(P<0.05). Conclusion:The prevalence rate of myopia increases gradually in 4 primary schools in Nanjing,and the moderate myopia increases dramatically. Grade 3 to 4 and grade 5 to 6 are the peak stages of myopia. SER correlates with logMAR,AL and AL/CRC. AL/CRC can acts as an evaluation index for myopia screening.

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徐珊珊,彭志行,张秋阳,周云帆,陈 辉,李巧林,许敏怡,蒋 沁.南京市4所小学2010—2015年近视流行病学调查与相关分析[J].南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2020,(5):720-724

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  • 收稿日期:2019-09-19
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-06-10
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