Objective：To explore the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs）of LGALS1 gene and susceptibility to common influenza infection types in China. Methods：A case-control study method was adopted. The influenza-positive cases monitored by Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu province were the case group，and the influenza-like cases with a negative laboratory nucleic acid test and healthy people from Nanjing Hospital were the control group from 2015 to 2017. Pharyngeal swabs and blood were collected，gene polymorphism sites were detected by nested PCR and gene sequencing，and genotype distribution and frequency differences were compared between the two groups. Results：Rs4820294（G/A） and rs2899292（A/G） of LGALS1 were associated with influenza genetic susceptibility（P < 0.05），rs2899292（A/G）was associated with A（H1N1） susceptibility（P < 0.05），and rs4820294（G/A）was associated with B influenza susceptibility（P < 0.05），respectively. Conclusion：LGALS1 SNP is associated with influenza A（H1N1）and influenza B susceptibility，however，the sample size needs to be further expanded to explore its relationship with seasonal H3N2.