At present，the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS）is as high as 5%~10% among women of childbearing age. PCOS is characterized by high clinical heterogeneity and unclear pathogenesis. Most studies suggest that PCOS is a multi-gene-regulated，multi-factor-induced disease with abnormal metabolism of glucose，lipid and steroid hormone. In recent years，more and more experts have proposed that PCOS may have different types. Gut microbiota，as a hot research topic in recent years，is associated with disorders of glucose，lipid and steroid hormone metabolism. The relationship between gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome is particularly important. This article reviews the possible relationship between gut microbiota and polycystic ovary syndrome.